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原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 31, 2019 is: importune • \im-per-TOON\  • verb 1 a : to press or urge with troublesome persistence b archaic : to request or beg for urgently 2 : annoy , trouble Examples: “[Sarah] Polk feigned neutrality or loyalty, depending on what suited her, and she successfully importuned Andrew Johnson, the military governor of Tennessee and then American president, to pardon ex-rebels or to grant such favors as being able to sell her cotton untaxed.” — Megan Reynolds, Jezebel , 3 June 2019 “For nearly 40 years, Houstonian Jimmy Dunne has importuned Texas lawmakers to ban corporal punishment in Texas public schools, to no avail.” — The Houston Chronicle , 18 Mar. 2019 Did you know? Importune has many synonyms—including beg , entreat , beseech , and implore . Beg suggests earnestness or insistence especially in asking for a favor (“the children begged to stay up late”). Entreat implies an effort to persuade or to over...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 30, 2019 is: phalanx • \FAY-lanks\  • noun 1 : a body of heavily armed infantry in ancient Greece formed in close deep ranks and files; broadly : a body of troops in close array 2 : one of the digital bones of the hand or foot of a vertebrate 3 a : a massed arrangement of persons, animals, or things b : an organized body of persons Examples: “Despite Beyoncé missing in action, Skylar Grey filled her shoes admirably, as she sang the hook and played the piano. In addition to Grey, a phalanx  of violinists helped anchor the heartfelt performance.” — Carl Lamarre, Billboard.com , 12 Nov. 2017 “This specimen … is the middle phalanx  of a human middle finger. It was collected from the Nefud desert of Saudi Arabia by Huw Groucutt of Oxford University and his colleagues. In a paper just published in Nature Ecology & Evolution they report that uranium-thorium isotopic dating suggests it is 88,000 years...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 29, 2019 is: addlepated • \AD-ul-pay-tud\  • adjective 1 : being mixed up : confused 2 : eccentric Examples: “Her addlepated mind flitted butterflylike from one often unrelated subject to another.” — Tessa Harris, The Anatomist’s Apprentice , 2011 “[Nick Park’s] best-known creations are the addlepated , cheese-loving inventor Wallace, and Gromit, his patient, intelligent dog. Park’s work helped to spark a new blossoming of stop-motion animation….” — Charles Solomon, The Los Angeles Times , 15 Feb. 2018 Did you know? In Middle English an adel eye was a putrid egg. The stench of such an egg apparently affected the minds of some witty thinkers, who hatched a comparison between the diminished, unsound quality of an adel eye (or addle egg as it came to be called in modern English) and an empty, confused head—or pate . “Your owne imagination, which was no lesse Idle, then your head was addle all that day,” wrote one...

原文链接 一周又开始了。加油工作！（由 IFTTT 发送） Lake桑 July 29, 2019 at 07:01AM

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 28, 2019 is: evince • \ih-VINSS\  • verb 1 : to constitute outward evidence of 2 : to display clearly : reveal Examples: “Randall Park is solid, handsome, capable, and utterly charming—a leading man whose talents as sly foil to a larger, more outsized personality evinced by his performance in Fresh Off the Boat are given their full due here.” — Megan Reynolds, Jezebel , 3 June 2019 “Famous for getting the first humans to the moon, the Apollo 11 command module is astoundingly small and unrefined yet evinces our innate desire to reach uninhabitable territories.” — Lydia Kallipoliti, quoted in The Atlantic , 18 Sept. 2018 Did you know? Let us conquer any uncertainty you may have about the history of evince . It derives from Latin evincere , meaning “to vanquish” or “to win a point,” and can be further traced to vincere , Latin for “to conquer.” In the early 1600s, evince was sometimes used in the senses “to subdu...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 27, 2019 is: bildungsroman • \BIL-doonks-roh-mahn\  • noun : a novel about the moral and psychological growth of the main character Examples: “It’s a thoroughly contemporary bildungsroman in which the protagonist is the Vietnamese-born son of an illiterate and violence-prone single mother. He’s living in the United States with her and his schizophrenic grandmother when he comes to terms with the alternating harshness and warmth of his family….” — Leigh Haber, Oprah Magazine , 3 June 2019 “In its way, this is a very novelistic film, with the accretion of detail you might expect from a Bildungsroman .… We see what Cleo sees, we wonder what and how she feels, we build up our investment of sympathy with her, and it all leads to a heartrending payoff.” — Peter Bradshaw, The Guardian (London), 13 Feb. 2019 Did you know? Bildungsroman is the combination of two German words: Bildung , meaning “education,” and Roman , meani...

原文链接 周五中午啦～ 吃完午饭，下午继续工作！ （由 IFTTT 发送） Lake桑 July 26, 2019 at 12:05PM

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 26, 2019 is: motley • \MAHT-lee\  • adjective 1 : variegated in color 2 : made up of many different people or things Examples: Many of the jesters at the medieval festival were dressed in a bright motley garb. “Geena Davis will guest star in the third season of ‘GLOW,’ the Netflix comedy series about a motley crew of female wrestlers.” — Lillian Brown, The Boston Globe , 11 June 2019 Did you know? Motley made its debut as an English adjective and noun in the 14th century, but etymologists aren’t completely sure where it came from. Many think it probably derived from the Middle English mot , meaning “ mote ” or “speck.” The word is also used as a noun identifying a multicolored fabric, a garment made from such a fabric, or—perhaps the best known sense of all—the fool who often wore such outfits in the European courts of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Lake桑 July 26, 2019 at 01:00PM

原文链接 周五中午啦～ 吃完午饭，下午继续工作！ （由 IFTTT 发送） Lake桑 July 26, 2019 at 12:00PM

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 25, 2019 is: undergird • \un-der-GERD\  • verb 1 archaic : to make secure underneath 2 : to form the basis or foundation of : strengthen , support Examples: “The organ tones that undergirded much of her recent work suggested a secular version of the church nave . Here, the walls close in and we’re transported somewhere deceptively plain, to what might be an afternoon recital in someone’s home.” — Thea Ballard, Pitchfork , 8 June 2019 “We were taught that the right to vote undergirds all other rights, that free and fair elections are necessary for social progress.” — Stacey Abrams, The New York Times , 15 May 2019 Did you know? The English verb gird means, among other things, “to encircle or bind with a flexible band.” When undergird first entered English in the 16th century, it meant “to make secure underneath,” as by passing a rope or chain underneath something (such as a ship). That literal sense has long s...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 24, 2019 is: hapless • \HAP-lus\  • adjective : having no luck : unfortunate Examples: “Whatever your view of Team USA’s rout over Thailand or the way they celebrated every goal over that hapless opponent, the 13-0 opening victory fueled conversation and interest for Sunday’s United States-Chile match.” — Phil Rosenthal, The Chicago Tribune , 18 June 2019 “David Bareford got into violence design when he was living in Chicago and struggling along as ‘an OK actor in a town where there were a million OK actors….’ He decided not to fight those odds; instead he embraced the stage-combat skills that came from acting in Shakespeare tragedies, which usually involve kings, soldiers and other hapless figures eagerly running one another through.” — Scott Hewitt, The Columbian (Vancouver, Washington), 13 June 2019 Did you know? Hapless literally means what you’d expect it to mean: “without hap”— hap being another word for ...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 23, 2019 is: desideratum • \dih-sid-uh-RAH-tum\  • noun : something desired as essential Examples: “The strength of his class depended to some extent on sound money management—but depended to a much larger extent on marriages based cynically on the sorts of children likely to be produced. Healthy, charming, wise children were the desiderata .” — Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., The Sirens of Titan , 1959 “The year was 1953, and most American children were secretly wishing, praying and writing letters to Santa Claus promising to be nice rather than naughty in return for that ultimate desideratum of gifts: the ‘real, live pony.'” — Ken Jennings, The Petoskey (Michigan) News-Review , 24 Dec. 2014 Did you know? We’d like to introduce you to some close cousins of the common word desire . All trace their roots to the Latin sīder- , or sīdus , which has historically been understood to mean “heavenly body,” but which may also have an ol...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 22, 2019 is: whinge • \WINJ\  • verb British : to complain fretfully : whine Examples: “I was angry, I went home to my wife and I complained. I was whinging an Olympic level of whinging to Deb, my wife, and moaning about this person and that person.” — Hugh Jackman, quoted in MailOnline , 4 June 2019 “For those who whinged that the Freddie Mercury biopic ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’ played fast and loose with the facts and the timeline—and I was one—it must be said that director Dexter Fletcher’s Elton John movie ‘Rocketman’ takes even more liberties with truth.” — Jim Sullivan, WBUR.org , 31 May 2019 Did you know? Whinge isn’t a simple spelling variant of whine . Whinge and whine are actually entirely different words with separate histories. Whine traces to an Old English verb, hwinan , which means “to make a humming or whirring sound.” When hwinan became whinen in Middle English, it meant “to wail distressfully”; w...

原文链接 初中我们就接触过函数，现在我们把它用高中的语言再说一遍。 设 是两个给定的非空数集，按照某种确定的对应关系 ，使得对于集合 中的 任意 一个数 ，在集合 中都有 唯一 的数 与之对应，我们把这种对应 叫做从集合 到集合 的一个函数，记作 ，若省略定义域，则指使函数有意义的一切实数所组成的集合。 函数有两种形式，一种是 具体 的，即有解析式的，另一种是我们今天重点说的， 抽象 的，即没有具体解析式的。函数有三个要素， 定义域 ， 对应法则 ， 值域 。以及四个性质， 单调性 ， 奇偶性 ， 周期性 ， 对称性 。 这篇文章会先把前三个讲掉。 首先是三个要素。如果两个函数的三要素都完全相同，那么这两个 函数相等 。其中，定义域指该函数的有效取值范围，即 使函数有意义的自变量的范围 。一般来说，一个函数的取值范围都是比较连续的，可以用一个范围来表示。比如自变量从3到5，5可以取到而3取不到，就可以写成 ，或者使用 区间 来表示就是 。如果19以上的值都可以取并且包括19，区间就可以写成 。即任意描述法中的条件是不等式的集合，都可以写成一个区间。一个不等式中， 不带等号 的一端用 圆括号 （小括号）， 带等号 的一端用 方括号 （中括号）。 特别地 ， 无穷 的那一端只用 圆括号 [1] 。实数集 就可以表示为 。但是如果一个函数的取值不连续，比如从1到2，从5到6都可以，其中2和5可以取，但是其他不行，此时一个区间便不行了，我们要用集合的运算，并集运算，来表示，即 。对于 则可以写为 。 [1]：Photomath中使用尖角括号。不同国家可能有不同标准。 如果我们知道了一个函数的解析式，我们可以直接观察表达式。初中学过的共有三个： 分式中的分母不为零 偶次根式的被开方数大于等于零 零次幂的底数不为零 比如求函数 的定义域。 解 ： 观察可得 。 解得 。 现在我们来思考一个问题。 设 ，可得 。 代入两个代数式，可得 现在我们遮掉所有的解析式，可得 中 的取值范围，同时也是 中 的取值范围。有必要注意的是，定义域是指 的取值范围，所以我们要从 的范围中反推出一个关于 的不等式，再将其替换为 。 比如，已知函数 的定义域为 ，求 的定义域。 解 ： 的定义域为 解得 的定义域为 讲完了拜。 Lake桑...

原文链接 一周又开始了。加油工作！（由 IFTTT 发送） Lake桑 July 22, 2019 at 07:00AM

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 21, 2019 is: redaction • \rih-DAK-shun\  • noun 1 a :  an act or instance of preparing something for publication  b : an act or instance of obscuring or removing something from a document prior to publication or release 2 :  a work that has been redacted : edition ,  version Examples: “The city released Craddock’s emailed resignation, but redacted the send and receive times as well as the recipients. A city attorney said the entire document is considered a personnel record and is subject to redaction under the state’s Freedom of Information Act.” — Alissa Skelton, The Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Virginia), 14 June 2019 “The black redaction box is meant to protect sensitive information from public view. It’s supposed to be an impenetrable curtain. But sometimes that curtain is surprisingly easy to raise.” — Phillip Bantz, Law.com , 19 Dec. 2018 Did you know? Here’s a quiz for all you etymo...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 20, 2019 is: cogent • \KOH-junt\  • adjective 1 a : appealing forcibly to the mind or reason : convincing b : pertinent , relevant 2 : having power to compel or constrain Examples: At the town meeting, citizens presented many cogent arguments in support of building a new senior center. “The council made the difficult decision to raise property taxes by a total of 6 cents…. [The] decision to earmark the full 4 cents for educational capital expenditures was a difficult one, and there were cogent , logical arguments to be made in favor of keeping the city’s options open regarding the use of funds.” — Kate McConnell and Anthony Smith, The Roanoke (Virginia) Times , 21 Apr. 2019 Did you know? “Trained, knowledgeable agents make cogent suggestions … that make sense to customers.” It makes sense for us to include that comment from the president of a direct marketing consulting company because it provides such a nice o...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 19, 2019 is: gnomic • \NOH-mik\  • adjective 1 : characterized by aphorism 2 : given to the composition of aphoristic writing Examples: “That narrative power is real, as in the case of Shireen, but it came not from having a story but from telling it and persuading others of its truth. And we didn’t see a trace of that in Bran’s ascension. He generally fails to speak in anything other than fractured, gnomic phrases. He doesn’t tend to connect.” — Amy Davidson Sorkin, The New Yorker , 21 May 2019 “Mr. Marshall … was known for challenging established ways of thinking and for acquiring a reputation as the Pentagon’s ‘Yoda,’ after the wise, gnomic Jedi master of ‘Star Wars.'” — Matt Schudel, The Washington Post , 27 Mar. 2019 Did you know? A gnome is an aphorism—that is, an observation or sentiment reduced to the form of a saying. Gnomes are sometimes couched in metaphorical or figurative language, they are often qui...

原文链接 周五中午啦～ 吃完午饭，下午继续工作！ （由 IFTTT 发送） Lake桑 July 19, 2019 at 12:01PM

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 18, 2019 is: speculate • \SPEK-yuh-layt\  • verb 1 a : to meditate on or ponder a subject : reflect b : to review something idly or casually and often inconclusively 2 : to assume a business risk in hope of gain; especially : to buy or sell in expectation of profiting from market fluctuations 3 : to take to be true on the basis of insufficient evidence : theorize 4 : to be curious or doubtful about : wonder Examples: “Both celebrities have been tweeting each other for a while now, leading fans to speculate about their relationship status.” — Suzette Fernandez, Billboard.com , 5 June 2019 “Live footage showed that two hundred firefighters were attempting to tame the flames. Meanwhile talking heads droned on and on, speculating about the source of the spark that destroyed the cathedral’s wooden roof and nave or how many billions it would cost to rebuild.” — Christopher Schaefer, Commonweal , 17 May 2019 ...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 17, 2019 is: provender • \PRAH-vun-der\  • noun 1 : dry food for domestic animals : feed 2 : food , victuals Examples: The restaurant’s chef-owner prides himself on creating dishes from local provender . “While these fish with their underslung mouths will eat insects, crayfish, mollusks, and other provender , a garden worm or piece of nightcrawler on the hook will work just fine.” — Christopher Balusik, The Mansfield (Ohio) News Journal , 30 Mar. 2019 Did you know? When English speakers first chewed on the word provender around 1300, it referred to a stipend (also known as a prebend ) that a clergyman received from his cathedral or collegiate church. Within a half a century, the word’s current meanings had developed. These days you’re most likely to encounter provender in articles written by food and travel writers. A few such writers confuse provender with purveyor , meaning “a person or business that sells or ...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 16, 2019 is: auxiliary • \awg-ZILL-yuh-ree\  • adjective 1 a : offering or providing help b : functioning in a subsidiary capacity 2 of a verb : accompanying another verb and typically expressing person, number, mood , or tense 3 a : supplementary b : constituting a reserve 4 of a boat   :  equipped with sails and a supplementary  inboard  engine Examples: “And meantime I had an auxiliary interest which had never paled yet, never lost its novelty for me since I had been in Arthur’s kingdom: the behavior—born of nice and exact subdivisions of caste—of chance passers-by toward each other.” — Mark Twain, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court , 1889 “Graduating from big-name schools translates into better jobs and higher salaries, according to conventional wisdom. Plus, there are the  auxiliary  benefits that also lead to cash—powerful alumni networks, name recognition that ...

原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for July 15, 2019 is: nosegay • \NOHZ-gay\  • noun : a small bunch of flowers : posy Examples: “On arrival, the Queen was presented with her traditional nosegay  of fresh spring flowers….” — Robert Hardman, The Daily Mail (London), 19 Apr. 2019 “Many of the boys also were ordering nosegays  or wrist corsages for their dates. ‘I just had a group of three boys coming in with pictures on their phones of the girls’ dresses,’ [Megan] Mitchell said several days before the prom. The boys want the flowers to match the color of the dresses.” — Kimberly Fornek, The Chicago Tribune , 6 May 2019 Did you know? Nosegay is a homegrown word—that is, it originated in English. 15th-century Middle English speakers joined nose (which meant then what it does today) with gay (which, at the time, meant “ornament”). That makes nosegay an appropriate term for a bunch of flowers, which is indeed an ornament that appeals to the nose. To...

原文链接 一周又开始了。加油工作！（由 IFTTT 发送） Lake桑 July 15, 2019 at 07:00AM