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每日一词：shot-clog（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 31, 2019 is: shot-clog • \SHAHT-klahg\ • noun : a bore tolerated only because he or she pays the shot Examples: I’d planned to reimburse Jerry for the meal via PayPal, but after sitting through a lengthy evening of him holding forth on myriad topics, I decided it would be an unfair challenge to his reputation as a shot-clog . “Alas! I behold thee with pity, not with anger: thou common shot-clog , gull of all companies; methinks I see thee walking in Moorfields without a cloak, with half a hat … borrowing and begging threepence.” — John Marston, Ben Jonson, and George Chapman, Eastward Ho! , 1605 Did you know? The shot in shot-clog refers to a charge to be paid. It’s a cousin to, and synonymous with, scot , a word likely only familiar to modern speakers in the term scot-free , meaning “completely free from obligation, harm, or penalty.” The origin of the clog part of shot-clog is less clear. Perhaps it’s meant to ...
每日一词：disbursement（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 30, 2019 is: disbursement • \diss-BERSS-munt\ • noun : the act of paying out money especially from a fund : the act of disbursing ; also : funds paid out Examples: Stephanie receives a monthly disbursement from her parents’ trust fund. “The bank expanded the reach of its digital disbursements product by teaming up with PayPal.” — The Banker , 1 Oct. 2018 Did you know? Disbursement was minted in English in the late 16th century by melding the noun suffix -ment with the verb disburse . Disburse is a borrowing of the Middle French desbourser , which traces back to the Old French desborser , a combination of the negating prefix des- (equivalent to the English dis- ) and borse , which, like its English cognate purse , ultimately traces back to the Medieval Latin bursa , meaning “money bag” and, in earlier Latin usage, “ oxhide .” During the 16th and 17th centuries, deburse , depurse , and dispurse were depos...
每日一词：bread（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 29, 2019 is: bread • \BRED\ • noun 1 : a usually baked and leavened food made of a mixture whose basic constituent is flour or meal 2 : food , sustenance 3 a : livelihood b slang : money Examples: His brother was running low on bread , so Michael lent him some money through PayPal to tide him over. “Once my mom started making some bread , we bought our first house, a midcentury modern, glass-sided, beautiful ranch house.” — Lenny Kravitz, quoted on Hollywoodreporter.com , 2 Feb. 2018 Did you know? Bread is a food consisting of flour or meal that is moistened, kneaded into dough, and often fermented using yeast, and it has been a major sustenance since prehistoric times. With the right ingredients, it can be a source of complex carbohydrates and B vitamins (add whole wheat, and you increase its nutritional value). Through synecdoche , its name rose to refer to any source of food or sustenance. Reference to a pa...
每日一词：lacuna（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 28, 2019 is: lacuna • \luh-KOO-nuh\ • noun 1 : a blank space or a missing part : gap ; also : deficiency 2 : a small cavity, pit, or discontinuity in an anatomical structure Examples: The osteocyte is a cell that is isolated in a lacuna of bone. “During her investigation, Charlie disguises herself as a man, but it’s not entirely clear why the private detective does this—the only lacuna in an otherwise well-handled plot.” — Eve Ottenberg, The Washington (D.C.) City Paper , 8 Apr. 2019 Did you know? Exploring the etymology of lacuna involves taking a plunge into the pit—or maybe a leap into the lacus (that’s the Latin word for “lake”). Latin speakers modified lacus into lacuna and used it to mean “pit,” “cleft,” or “pool.” English speakers borrowed the term in the 17th century. It is usually pluralized as lacunae ; however, lacunas is an accepted variant plural. Another English word that t...
每日一词：commemorate（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 27, 2019 is: commemorate • \kuh-MEM-uh-rayt\ • verb 1 : to call to remembrance 2 : to mark by some ceremony or observation : observe 3 : to serve as a memorial of Examples: A plaque commemorates the battle that took place on this spot 200 years ago. “The conference will feature presentations by educators and World War II history experts, along with discussions with veterans of the war. It will culminate with a remembrance ceremony at the World War II Memorial, where participants will commemorate veterans of that war.” — Abigail Austin, The Morning Sentinel (Waterville, Maine), 15 Apr. 2019 Did you know? When you remember something, you are mindful of it. It’s appropriate, therefore, that commemorate and other related memory-associated words (including memorable , memorial , remember , and memory itself) come from the Latin root memor , meaning “mindful.” Some distant older relatives are Old English gemimor ...
每日一词：yen（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 26, 2019 is: yen • \YEN\ • noun : a strong desire or propensity; also : urge , craving Examples: “Charlie Partin grew up in the Florida Panhandle, lived for 20 years in New Port Richey, leaving his mark as an architect and an artist, before following a yen to create sculptures in the rolling hills of southeast Nebraska.” — Michele Miller, The Tampa Bay Times , 16 Feb. 2019 “The state Department of Agriculture created the Pennsylvania Pursue Your Scoops Ice Cream Trail that those with a yen for the sweet treat can follow to various independent, family owned creameries, sampling the tasty wares and getting a ‘passport’ stamped at each of the 12 stops along the way.” — Linda Stein, Well + Good , 21 Mar. 2019 Did you know? Although yen suggests no more than a strong longing these days (as in “a yen for a beach vacation”), at one time someone with a yen was in deep trouble indeed. The first meaning of yen was an inte...
每日一词：disparage（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 25, 2019 is: disparage • \dih-SPAIR-ij\ • verb 1 : to depreciate by indirect means (such as invidious comparison) : to speak slightingly about 2 : to lower in rank or reputation : degrade Examples: “In the early 1990s the president of newly independent Estonia gave a speech in Hamburg. In it, he disparaged the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states. A little-known Russian official was so outraged that he stormed out. It was Vladimir Putin.” — The Economist , 2 Feb. 2019 “Despite his own military background, Jackson did not unnecessarily glorify war or disparage peace. In his farewell address, he wrote, ‘It is unquestionably our true interest to cultivate the most friendly understanding with every nation and to avoid by every honorable means the calamities of war.'” — Jeff Taylor, The American Conservative , 1 Jan. 2019 Did you know? In Middle English, to “disparage” someone meant causing that person ...
每日一词：apposite（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 24, 2019 is: apposite • \AP-uh-zit\ • adjective : highly pertinent or appropriate : apt Examples: Before sending the final draft of his novel to his editor, Lyle searched for an apposite quotation that could serve as the book’s epigraph. “He brings to the story a modern intelligence, a modern interest, as well as much apposite historical information. And the result is a refreshing, civilized book, a notable homage to its great original.” — Frank Kermode, The New York Review of Books , 1 Dec. 2005 Did you know? Apposite and opposite sound so much alike that you would expect them to have a common ancestor—and they do. It is the Latin verb ponere , which means “to put or place.” Adding the prefix ad- to ponere led to apponere , meaning “to place near” or “to apply to,” and that branch of the ponere family tree budded apposite . The word is used to describe something that applies well to or is very appropriate fo...
每日一词：scavenger（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 23, 2019 is: scavenger • \SKAV-un-jer\ • noun 1 chiefly British : a person employed to remove dirt and refuse from streets 2 : one that scavenges : such as a : a garbage collector b : a junk collector c : a chemically active substance acting to make innocuous or remove an undesirable substance 3 : an organism that typically feeds on refuse or carrion Examples: My uncle, a habitual scavenger and clever handyman, found a broken exercise machine left on the curb and fixed it so that it works again. “The 34-year-old scavenger has had to work longer and harder over the past year, underlining how a drastic decline in scrap metal and commodity prices has hurt even the poor who collect discarded metal to sell to scrap yards.” — Brendan O’Brien, Reuters , 4 July 2016 Did you know? You might guess that scavenger is a derivative of scavenge , but the reverse is actually true; scavenger is the older word, first ap...
每日一词：peer-to-peer（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 22, 2019 is: peer-to-peer • \PEER-tuh-PEER\ • adjective : relating to, using, or being a network by which computers operated by individuals can share information and resources directly without relying on a dedicated central server Examples: “PayPal announced a new mobile peer-to-peer (P2P) payment platform called PayPal.me, which will allow users to create a personalized PayPal link and send it to peers for fast P2P transfers through PayPal.” — Jaime Toplin and John Heggestuen, Business Insider , 1 Sep. 2015 “The figures come from a paper presented at Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s fintech conference in March, which found 27 percent of peer-to-peer lending dollars had displaced traditional bank lending.” — Steven Harras, The Austin (Texas) American-Statesman , 7 Apr. 2019 Did you know? The term peer-to-peer is a relatively recent addition to the English language, being little more than a half-century old. In i...
每日一词：pungle（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 21, 2019 is: pungle • \PUNG-gul\ • verb 1 : to make a payment or contribution of (money) — usually used with up 2 : pay , contribute — usually used with up Examples: Residents have been pungling up to send their little league team to the national championship; donations can be made via credit card or PayPal on the town’s Sports and Recreation website. “In December 1849, Coffin formed Coffin & Co. and contracted with a New York builder for a … side-wheel steamer to ply the waters between Portland and San Francisco. When he and his partners failed to pungle up the final payment, however, the vessel was sold.” — John Terry, The Sunday Oregonian (Portland, Oregon), 19 Aug. 2007 Did you know? Pungle is from the Spanish word póngale , meaning “put it down,” which itself is from the verb poner , meaning “to put” or “to place,” and, more specifically, “to wager” or “to bet.” The earliest uses of pungle are from t...
每日一词：remittance（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 20, 2019 is: remittance • \rih-MIT-unss\ • noun 1 a : a sum of money remitted b : an instrument by which money is remitted 2 : transmittal of money (as to a distant place) Examples: “PayPal has everything it needs to send money to friends or family or to pay bills, even across borders. Its acquisition of Xoom in 2015 gave it a strong position in digital remittance .” — Adam Levy, The Motley Fool , 14 Dec. 2018 “Kit … knew that his old home was a very poor place…, and often indited square-folded letters to his mother, enclosing a shilling or eighteenpence or such other small remittance , which Mr Abel’s liberality enabled him to make.” — Charles Dickens, The Old Curiosity Shop , 1841 Did you know? Since the 14th century, the verb remit has afforded a variety of meanings, including “to lay aside (a mood or disposition),” “to release from the guilt or penalty of,” “to submit or refer for consideration,” and “to pos...