又一个周五！
原文链接 周五中午啦～ 吃完午饭，下午继续工作！ （由 IFTTT 发送） Lake桑 May 31, 2019 at 12:05PM
博文
每日一词：shot-clog（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 31, 2019 is: shot-clog • \SHAHT-klahg\ • noun : a bore tolerated only because he or she pays the shot Examples: I’d planned to reimburse Jerry for the meal via PayPal, but after sitting through a lengthy evening of him holding forth on myriad topics, I decided it would be an unfair challenge to his reputation as a shot-clog . “Alas! I behold thee with pity, not with anger: thou common shot-clog , gull of all companies; methinks I see thee walking in Moorfields without a cloak, with half a hat … borrowing and begging threepence.” — John Marston, Ben Jonson, and George Chapman, Eastward Ho! , 1605 Did you know? The shot in shot-clog refers to a charge to be paid. It’s a cousin to, and synonymous with, scot , a word likely only familiar to modern speakers in the term scot-free , meaning “completely free from obligation, harm, or penalty.” The origin of the clog part of shot-clog is less clear. Perhaps it’s meant to ...
每日一词：disbursement（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 30, 2019 is: disbursement • \diss-BERSS-munt\ • noun : the act of paying out money especially from a fund : the act of disbursing ; also : funds paid out Examples: Stephanie receives a monthly disbursement from her parents’ trust fund. “The bank expanded the reach of its digital disbursements product by teaming up with PayPal.” — The Banker , 1 Oct. 2018 Did you know? Disbursement was minted in English in the late 16th century by melding the noun suffix -ment with the verb disburse . Disburse is a borrowing of the Middle French desbourser , which traces back to the Old French desborser , a combination of the negating prefix des- (equivalent to the English dis- ) and borse , which, like its English cognate purse , ultimately traces back to the Medieval Latin bursa , meaning “money bag” and, in earlier Latin usage, “ oxhide .” During the 16th and 17th centuries, deburse , depurse , and dispurse were depos...
每日一词：bread（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 29, 2019 is: bread • \BRED\ • noun 1 : a usually baked and leavened food made of a mixture whose basic constituent is flour or meal 2 : food , sustenance 3 a : livelihood b slang : money Examples: His brother was running low on bread , so Michael lent him some money through PayPal to tide him over. “Once my mom started making some bread , we bought our first house, a midcentury modern, glass-sided, beautiful ranch house.” — Lenny Kravitz, quoted on Hollywoodreporter.com , 2 Feb. 2018 Did you know? Bread is a food consisting of flour or meal that is moistened, kneaded into dough, and often fermented using yeast, and it has been a major sustenance since prehistoric times. With the right ingredients, it can be a source of complex carbohydrates and B vitamins (add whole wheat, and you increase its nutritional value). Through synecdoche , its name rose to refer to any source of food or sustenance. Reference to a pa...
每日一词：lacuna（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 28, 2019 is: lacuna • \luh-KOO-nuh\ • noun 1 : a blank space or a missing part : gap ; also : deficiency 2 : a small cavity, pit, or discontinuity in an anatomical structure Examples: The osteocyte is a cell that is isolated in a lacuna of bone. “During her investigation, Charlie disguises herself as a man, but it’s not entirely clear why the private detective does this—the only lacuna in an otherwise well-handled plot.” — Eve Ottenberg, The Washington (D.C.) City Paper , 8 Apr. 2019 Did you know? Exploring the etymology of lacuna involves taking a plunge into the pit—or maybe a leap into the lacus (that’s the Latin word for “lake”). Latin speakers modified lacus into lacuna and used it to mean “pit,” “cleft,” or “pool.” English speakers borrowed the term in the 17th century. It is usually pluralized as lacunae ; however, lacunas is an accepted variant plural. Another English word that t...
每日一词：commemorate（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 27, 2019 is: commemorate • \kuh-MEM-uh-rayt\ • verb 1 : to call to remembrance 2 : to mark by some ceremony or observation : observe 3 : to serve as a memorial of Examples: A plaque commemorates the battle that took place on this spot 200 years ago. “The conference will feature presentations by educators and World War II history experts, along with discussions with veterans of the war. It will culminate with a remembrance ceremony at the World War II Memorial, where participants will commemorate veterans of that war.” — Abigail Austin, The Morning Sentinel (Waterville, Maine), 15 Apr. 2019 Did you know? When you remember something, you are mindful of it. It’s appropriate, therefore, that commemorate and other related memory-associated words (including memorable , memorial , remember , and memory itself) come from the Latin root memor , meaning “mindful.” Some distant older relatives are Old English gemimor ...
每日一词：yen（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 26, 2019 is: yen • \YEN\ • noun : a strong desire or propensity; also : urge , craving Examples: “Charlie Partin grew up in the Florida Panhandle, lived for 20 years in New Port Richey, leaving his mark as an architect and an artist, before following a yen to create sculptures in the rolling hills of southeast Nebraska.” — Michele Miller, The Tampa Bay Times , 16 Feb. 2019 “The state Department of Agriculture created the Pennsylvania Pursue Your Scoops Ice Cream Trail that those with a yen for the sweet treat can follow to various independent, family owned creameries, sampling the tasty wares and getting a ‘passport’ stamped at each of the 12 stops along the way.” — Linda Stein, Well + Good , 21 Mar. 2019 Did you know? Although yen suggests no more than a strong longing these days (as in “a yen for a beach vacation”), at one time someone with a yen was in deep trouble indeed. The first meaning of yen was an inte...
每日一词：disparage（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 25, 2019 is: disparage • \dih-SPAIR-ij\ • verb 1 : to depreciate by indirect means (such as invidious comparison) : to speak slightingly about 2 : to lower in rank or reputation : degrade Examples: “In the early 1990s the president of newly independent Estonia gave a speech in Hamburg. In it, he disparaged the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states. A little-known Russian official was so outraged that he stormed out. It was Vladimir Putin.” — The Economist , 2 Feb. 2019 “Despite his own military background, Jackson did not unnecessarily glorify war or disparage peace. In his farewell address, he wrote, ‘It is unquestionably our true interest to cultivate the most friendly understanding with every nation and to avoid by every honorable means the calamities of war.'” — Jeff Taylor, The American Conservative , 1 Jan. 2019 Did you know? In Middle English, to “disparage” someone meant causing that person ...
每日一词：apposite（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 24, 2019 is: apposite • \AP-uh-zit\ • adjective : highly pertinent or appropriate : apt Examples: Before sending the final draft of his novel to his editor, Lyle searched for an apposite quotation that could serve as the book’s epigraph. “He brings to the story a modern intelligence, a modern interest, as well as much apposite historical information. And the result is a refreshing, civilized book, a notable homage to its great original.” — Frank Kermode, The New York Review of Books , 1 Dec. 2005 Did you know? Apposite and opposite sound so much alike that you would expect them to have a common ancestor—and they do. It is the Latin verb ponere , which means “to put or place.” Adding the prefix ad- to ponere led to apponere , meaning “to place near” or “to apply to,” and that branch of the ponere family tree budded apposite . The word is used to describe something that applies well to or is very appropriate fo...
每日一词：scavenger（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 23, 2019 is: scavenger • \SKAV-un-jer\ • noun 1 chiefly British : a person employed to remove dirt and refuse from streets 2 : one that scavenges : such as a : a garbage collector b : a junk collector c : a chemically active substance acting to make innocuous or remove an undesirable substance 3 : an organism that typically feeds on refuse or carrion Examples: My uncle, a habitual scavenger and clever handyman, found a broken exercise machine left on the curb and fixed it so that it works again. “The 34-year-old scavenger has had to work longer and harder over the past year, underlining how a drastic decline in scrap metal and commodity prices has hurt even the poor who collect discarded metal to sell to scrap yards.” — Brendan O’Brien, Reuters , 4 July 2016 Did you know? You might guess that scavenger is a derivative of scavenge , but the reverse is actually true; scavenger is the older word, first ap...
每日一词：peer-to-peer（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 22, 2019 is: peer-to-peer • \PEER-tuh-PEER\ • adjective : relating to, using, or being a network by which computers operated by individuals can share information and resources directly without relying on a dedicated central server Examples: “PayPal announced a new mobile peer-to-peer (P2P) payment platform called PayPal.me, which will allow users to create a personalized PayPal link and send it to peers for fast P2P transfers through PayPal.” — Jaime Toplin and John Heggestuen, Business Insider , 1 Sep. 2015 “The figures come from a paper presented at Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s fintech conference in March, which found 27 percent of peer-to-peer lending dollars had displaced traditional bank lending.” — Steven Harras, The Austin (Texas) American-Statesman , 7 Apr. 2019 Did you know? The term peer-to-peer is a relatively recent addition to the English language, being little more than a half-century old. In i...
每日一词：pungle（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 21, 2019 is: pungle • \PUNG-gul\ • verb 1 : to make a payment or contribution of (money) — usually used with up 2 : pay , contribute — usually used with up Examples: Residents have been pungling up to send their little league team to the national championship; donations can be made via credit card or PayPal on the town’s Sports and Recreation website. “In December 1849, Coffin formed Coffin & Co. and contracted with a New York builder for a … side-wheel steamer to ply the waters between Portland and San Francisco. When he and his partners failed to pungle up the final payment, however, the vessel was sold.” — John Terry, The Sunday Oregonian (Portland, Oregon), 19 Aug. 2007 Did you know? Pungle is from the Spanish word póngale , meaning “put it down,” which itself is from the verb poner , meaning “to put” or “to place,” and, more specifically, “to wager” or “to bet.” The earliest uses of pungle are from t...
每日一词：remittance（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 20, 2019 is: remittance • \rih-MIT-unss\ • noun 1 a : a sum of money remitted b : an instrument by which money is remitted 2 : transmittal of money (as to a distant place) Examples: “PayPal has everything it needs to send money to friends or family or to pay bills, even across borders. Its acquisition of Xoom in 2015 gave it a strong position in digital remittance .” — Adam Levy, The Motley Fool , 14 Dec. 2018 “Kit … knew that his old home was a very poor place…, and often indited square-folded letters to his mother, enclosing a shilling or eighteenpence or such other small remittance , which Mr Abel’s liberality enabled him to make.” — Charles Dickens, The Old Curiosity Shop , 1841 Did you know? Since the 14th century, the verb remit has afforded a variety of meanings, including “to lay aside (a mood or disposition),” “to release from the guilt or penalty of,” “to submit or refer for consideration,” and “to pos...
每日一词：coin of the realm（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 19, 2019 is: coin of the realm • \KOYN-uv-thuh-RELM\ • noun phrase 1 : the legal money of a country 2 : something valued or used as if it were money in a particular sphere Examples: The coin of the realm changes from one country to the next, so travelers may turn to digital transactions through services like PayPal. “The ‘game’ is to see who ultimately will rule from the Iron Throne. This addictive game often plays out like a suspenseful succession of high-stakes chess moves…. There are kings and queens, knights and pawns maneuvering for position, forming strategic alliances on these fictional continents where danger, duplicity, deception and deceit are the coin of the realm. “ — Mark Dawidziak, The Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio), 14 Apr. 2019 Did you know? Coin of the realm gained currency in the English language during the 18th century as a term for the legal money of a country. Coin is ultimately from Latin ...
“令”的字形。
原文链接 哪一个是对的呢？ 答案是： 都对。 其中左边的字形是日文印刷体，右边是中文/日文手写体。 日本的文化厅有一个常用汉字表， 「常用漢字表の字体・字形に関する指針（報告）」 ，里面有详尽的描述。 Lake桑 2019.5.19
每日一词：tenacious（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 18, 2019 is: tenacious • \tuh-NAY-shus\ • adjective 1 a : not easily pulled apart : cohesive b : tending to adhere or cling especially to another substance 2 : persistent in maintaining, adhering to, or seeking something valued or desired 3 : retentive Examples: Once Linda has decided on a course of action, she can be very tenacious when it comes to seeing it through. “The demands on the men were extreme—no sleep, long distances to trek, limited supplies and a tenacious enemy are enough to test the cohesion of even the most disciplined teams.” — Capt. Garrison Haning, Army Magazine , 1 Apr. 2019 Did you know? For the more than 400 years that tenacious has been a part of the English language, it has adhered closely to its Latin antecedent: tenax , an adjective meaning “tending to hold fast.” Almost from the first, tenacious could suggest either literal adhesion or figurative stick-to-itiveness . Sandburs a...
每日一词：palimpsest（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 17, 2019 is: palimpsest • \PAL-imp-sest\ • noun 1 : writing material (such as a parchment or tablet) used one or more times after earlier writing has been erased 2 : something having usually diverse layers or aspects apparent beneath the surface Examples: “Among those handwritten manuscripts are 130 that have additional secrets: They are palimpsests , documents in which the original text was erased and written over, the parchment considered more valuable than the text.” — Sarah Laskow, Atlas Obscura , 29 Aug. 2017 “Large and medium-sized canvases in varying stages of completion covered most of the wall space in the studio … and the floor was a palimpsest of rags, used paper palettes, brushes, metal tubs filled with defunct tubes of Old Holland oil paint, colored pencils and broken charcoal sticks, … and other debris.” — Calvin Tomkins and Dodie Kazanjian, The New Yorker , 10 Apr. 2017 Did you know? Long ago, writin...
每日一词：countermand（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 16, 2019 is: countermand • \KOUNT-er-mand\ • verb 1 : to revoke (a command) by a contrary order 2 : to recall or order back by a superseding contrary order Examples: “Although the Special Counsel regulations may not permit the Acting Attorney General to countermand certain decisions made by the Special Counsel, the Special Counsel remains subject to the Acting Attorney General’s plenary supervision.” — Jennifer Rubin, The Washington Post Blogs , 13 Aug. 2018 “The idea … was that there should be an extra layer of distance between the people and the choice of president—and that this layer should consist of a group of citizens (electors) who freely deliberate about the choice … with the outcome of those deliberations treated as legitimate by the people even when it countermands the result of the popular vote.” — Damon Linker, The Week , 19 Sept. 2018 Did you know? In the military, one’s mandate is to ...
每日一词：glitch（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 15, 2019 is: glitch • \GLITCH\ • noun 1 a : a usually minor malfunction; also : an unexpected defect, fault, flaw, or imperfection b : a minor problem that causes a temporary setback : snag 2 : a false or spurious electronic signal Examples: The festival had an excellent lineup of performers, and the few glitches with the sound system did not seriously detract from the overall quality of the entertainment. “A computer glitch delayed the start of the Saturday press run; by the time it was fixed, the judgment call was made to postpone distribution until Sunday, rather than send carriers out after dark on Saturday.” — Jeff Pieters, The Post-Bulletin (Rochester, Minnesota), 9 Mar. 2019 Did you know? There’s a glitch in the etymology of glitch —the origins of the word are not known for sure, though it may derive from the Yiddish glitsh , meaning “slippery place.” Glitch started showing up in print in Engl...
每日一词：borne（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 14, 2019 is: borne • \BORN\ • adjective : transported or transmitted by — used in combination Examples: “By 2050, half the world’s population could be at risk of mosquito- borne diseases like dengue fever or the Zika virus , new research suggests.” — Chelsea Harvey, Scientific American , 7 Mar. 2019 “Tacoma had a population of 36,006 by 1890, a boom of 3,179.2 percent in just 10 years. But not to be outdone, Seattle had formed its own rail service, the Seattle & Walla Walla Railroad, to feed off the profitable railroad- borne commerce.” — Steve Dunkelberger, SouthSoundTalk.com (Pierce County, Washington), 28 Aug. 2018 Did you know? Borne is, just like born , the past participle of the verb bear , which can mean (among other things) “to contain” or “to give birth to.” At first, borne and born were variant spellings of the same adjective. Used as in water-borne (or water-born ), it means “carried by.” In the...
每日一词：regale（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 13, 2019 is: regale • \rih-GAIL\ • verb 1 : to entertain sumptuously : to feast with delicacies 2 : to give pleasure or amusement to 3 : to feast oneself : feed Examples: “Mickelson regaled the 1,000 or so spectators at Monday’s trophy ceremony on the 18th green by sharing how his late grandfather, Al Santos, was an original caddie here when Pebble Beach opened 100 years ago.” — Cam Inman, The East Bay Times (Walnut Creek, California), 11 Feb. 2019 “The process of digestion, as I have been informed by anatomical friends, is one of the most wonderful works of nature. I do not know how it may be with others, but it is a great satisfaction to me to know, when regaling on my humble fare, that I am putting in motion the most beautiful machinery with which we have any acquaintance.” — Charles Dickens, Martin Chuzzlewit , 1844 Did you know? Regale has been an English verb since the early half of the 1600s; it was ...
每日一词：darling（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 12, 2019 is: darling • \DAHR-ling\ • noun 1 : a dearly loved person 2 : favorite Examples: The youngest of three children, he was always his parents’ little darling . “Once reticent to share anything about herself with fans and the media, thinking it was cooler to be mysterious, the critical darling and dance world entrepreneur is now open and forthright….” — Katie Bain, Billboard.com , 28 Mar. 2019 Did you know? The origins of darling can be found in the very heart of the English language, and examples of its use are found in Old English writings from the 9th century. The Old English dēorling was formed by attaching the Old English suffix -ling (“one associated with or marked by a specified quality”) with the adjective dēore , the ancestor of our adjective dear (“regarded very affectionately or fondly,” “highly valued or esteemed,” “beloved”). English speakers appear to have developed a fondness for darling a...
每日一词：incipient（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 11, 2019 is: incipient • \in-SIP-ee-unt\ • adjective : beginning to come into being or to become apparent Examples: “I read the motive as being dictated by the necessity of stifling an incipient scandal in order to protect the magic of the marketplace.” — James Baldwin, The Evidence of Things Not Seen , 1985 “As investment in the industry grows, partnerships and acquisitions are gaining speed, reports CB Insights. Over the past few years, Uber has partnered with five flying-car startups for its incipient flying-taxi service….” — Michael J. Coren, Quartz , 13 Oct. 2018 Did you know? A good starting point for any investigation of incipient is the Latin verb incipere , which means “to begin.” Incipient emerged in English in the 17th century, appearing in both religious and scientific contexts, as in “incipient grace” and “incipient putrefaction.” Later came the genesis of two related nouns, incipiency and incipience...
播客要开始做了。
原文链接 大概再咕一段时间。 我是不会放出自己的声音的，大概。 你看一下主播就知道了，大部分时候都是 Siri 讲话，偶尔会有我的讯飞有声个人主播（我的声音录制的，但是不是原声）。 会用 Garageband 剪辑。 然后就是地址。 地址在这里。 然后就没了吧。 Lake桑 2019.5.11
每日一词：footle（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 10, 2019 is: footle • \FOO-tul\ • verb 1 : to talk or act foolishly 2 : to waste time : trifle , fool Examples: “A very British invention…, the steam locomotive, derived as it was from [George] Stephenson’s nippy Rocket machine on parallel tracks, and the experiments of a young boy called James Watt, who footled about with a spoon in the steam from his aunt’s kettle.” — John Lewis-Stempel, The Express Online (U.K.), 5 Aug. 2018 “I left the convent with an ability to curtsey, two rubbish A-levels and a large repertoire of slightly scandalous songs. I footled around for a year, wasted three years at university, footled around a bit more and then finally did what I’d wanted to do all along—go to drama school….” — Dillie Keane, The Guardian (London), 19 Aug. 2015 Did you know? Footle will be more familiar to speakers of British English than it is to speakers of American English. Its likely source is the seldom-us...
每日一词：stratagem（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 9, 2019 is: stratagem • \STRAT-uh-jum\ • noun 1 a : an artifice or trick in war for deceiving and outwitting the enemy b : a cleverly contrived trick or scheme for gaining an end 2 : skill in ruses or trickery Examples: As a stratagem to get the kids to do their chores, Melissa persuaded them to have a race to see which child could finish first. “Perpetrators always have at their disposal a set of self-exculpatory stratagems that they can use to reframe their actions as provoked, justified, involuntary, or inconsequential.” — Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature , 2011 Did you know? A stratagem is any clever scheme—sometimes one that’s part of an overall strategy (i.e., a carefully worked out plan of action). The word stratagem entered English in the 15th century and was originally used in reference to some artifice , such as a military plan or maneuver, which was designed to deceive or outwit the en...
“回”的四种写法。
原文链接 《孔乙己》这篇文章，大概中国初中生都上过了。其中有个细节就是，“茴”这个字的“回”的部分有四样写法。 前三个字典上有。一是“回”，正字。二是“囘”，外“冂”内“巳”，古字。三是“囬”，“面”的下部，俗字。 有人说了：“不是说没有第四种写法吗？老师说了，这恰恰体现了他的迂腐。”他是迂腐没错，但的确有第四种写法，“𡇌”（⿴囗目） [1] ，即外“囗”内“目”，极罕见。 蔷薇的“蔷”，14画，繁体的“薔”，16画，但《红楼梦》第三十回的龄官画蔷的故事，却说是18画。这就是因为回的俗字“囬”的缘故。把回换成囬，再把草字头“艹”断开，写成旧字形 [2] “十十”，就是18画了。 [1]：括号内虚线的字符叫做表意文字描述符，用这种描述符描述的表意文字的序列，称作“表意文字描述序列”（IDS）。 [2]：旧字形不是繁体字，是古代铅字印刷时，铅字的字形不统一导致的。被我们采用的叫做新字形，其他的就是旧字形，除了特地展示旧字形以外，其他地方印刷旧字形都属于印刷错误。 Lake桑 2019.5.8
每日一词：muse（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 8, 2019 is: muse • \MYOOZ\ • verb 1 : to become absorbed in thought; especially : to think about something carefully and thoroughly 2 archaic : wonder , marvel 3 : to think or say (something) in a thoughtful way Examples: “On Twitter and Instagram, he’s been acting like a moody teenager, posting photos of himself staring at scenic natural landscapes and musing about the nature of time itself.” — Jacob Shamsian, Insider , 25 Mar. 2019 “‘Television brings people together, but television can also tear us apart,’ [Jimmy] Kimmel mused .” — Patrick Keefe, The New Yorker , 7 Jan. 2019 Did you know? The Muses were the nine Greek goddesses who presided over the arts, including music and literature. A shrine to the Muses was called in Latin a Museum (which came to mean “a place for learned occupation”). An artist or poet about to begin work would call on a particular Muse for inspiration, and a poem itself migh...
每日一词：links（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 7, 2019 is: links • \LINKS\ • plural noun 1 Scotland : sand hills especially along the seashore 2 : golf course ; especially : a golf course on linksland Examples: “Now that spring is here, it means that it’s once again time for golfers to hit the links .” — Jonathan Saxon, The Herald (Dubois County, Indiana), 27 Mar. 2019 “A giant 9-foot alligator surprised golfers Sunday at a course in Savannah, Georgia, when it suddenly appeared out of nearby brush and lumbered across the links .” — Shelby Lin Erdman, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution , 25 Mar. 2019 Did you know? The game of golf originated on the sandy hills of Scotland on a type of terrain known as links or linksland . Eventually, the game’s layout came to be called by the same name as the land, and links developed the meaning of “a golf course built on the coastline,” which eventually broadened to include any golf course. Links is ultimately derive...
每日一词：ephemeral（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 6, 2019 is: ephemeral • \ih-FEM-uh-rul\ • adjective 1 : lasting a very short time 2 : lasting one day only Examples: The young YouTube star’s fame was ephemeral but surprisingly lucrative while it lasted. “After winter, the garden comes to life with the planting of spring-blooming ephemeral bulbs such as naturalizing daffodils, crocus, tulips, snowdrops and hyacinths that appear before the tree canopy ‘leafs out’ and perennials burst forth….” — The Parry Sound (Ontario) North Star , 6 Mar. 2019 Did you know? The mayfly (order Ephemeroptera ) typically hatches, matures, mates, and dies within the span of a few short hours (though the longest-lived may survive a record two days); poets sometimes use this insect to symbolize life’s ephemeral nature. When ephemeral (from the Greek word ephēmeros , meaning “lasting a day”) first appeared in print in English in the late 16th century, it was a scientific term applied t...
每日一词：trivial（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 5, 2019 is: trivial • \TRIV-ee-ul\ • adjective 1 a : of little worth or importance b : relating to or being the mathematically simplest case; specifically : characterized by having all variables equal to zero 2 : commonplace , ordinary 3 : of, relating to, or constituting a species and especially a biological species Examples: “A paper published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology examined how pettiness—being intentionally attentive to trivial details—affects relationships and the way people perceive one another.” — Jamie Ducharme, Time , 6 Aug. 2018 “From the very first episode, when they tried to score Lil Wayne tickets, Abbi and Ilana were each other’s biggest fans…. With them, no topic was ever taboo or too trivial , and being friends meant there were zero boundaries.” — Patrick Ryan, USA Today , 28 Mar. 2019 Did you know? Trivial comes from a Latin word meaning “c...
每日一词：hypermnesia（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 4, 2019 is: hypermnesia • \hye-perm-NEE-zhee-uh\ • noun : abnormally vivid or complete memory or recall of the past Examples: “Imagine being able to recall anything you’ve ever dreamt, tasted or read. That’s the reality for a woman with a rare condition which means she can remember virtually every single detail of her life—even being able to recite all the Harry Potter books word-for-word. Rebecca Sharrock is one of just 80 people worldwide who have been identified as having … hypermnesia .” — Erin Cardiff, The Mirror , 6 Oct. 2015 “‘Qui perd gagne!’…, which is translated as ‘Loser Take All,’ maintains its interest all the way through and awards the viewer with a nice little twist at the end.… Loriot has hypermnesia …. He remembers with total recall absolutely everything he has ever seen or heard, which could drive him crazy without the medication he must take.” — Daniel Neman, The Richmond (Virginia) Times-Dispatch , 2...
化学相关：金属
原文链接 目录： 化学相关：开坑预告及目录 上一期： 化学相关：燃料 金属，或者说金属和金属材料，包括两类，即纯金属和合金。 纯金属是单质，也就是金属元素对应的单质都是纯金属，比如 、 、 等等。这些纯金属存在对应的合金。具体的来讲，一种金属 熔合 其他金属或非金属形成的材料就是合金。合金在初中阶段被定义为混合物，又因为它均匀，也可以视作溶液（但一般不这么说，也不用溶液的角度去解决金属问题），不考虑合金中各个粒子之间的分子间作用力。像黄铜，不锈钢，生铁都是合金。 注意，类似于 、 、 等等之类的化合物不是合金，不是金属材料，它们只是存在金属元素的化合物，其中有一部分是金属氧化物，有一部分是盐，比如碳酸钙。下文会提到盐的定义。 人类历史上，是先从铜这种材料开始打开金属材料的大门的。后来发展到铁器，后来过了很长长长长一段时间 （咕咕咕） ，铝制品也出现了，现在也有了钛和钛的合金的运用。 一、金属的物理性质 从物理性质上来说，金属大多数都呈银白色，有光泽，导电导热能力好，具有延展性。 当然金属也是有个性的。汞在常温下呈液态。铜是紫红色的。金是黄色的，铁粉等一些粉状金属是黑色的。 一般地来说，性质，价格，资源，美观度，便利性等都是一种材料怎么被使用的因素。 比如说，高压电缆采用铝制导线，就是因为它密度小不会因为自身重力而压断，而且耐腐蚀。 二、合金 在金属中熔合某些金属或者非金属，具有金属特征的混合物就是合金。 制合金是物理变化，并且各成分的熔沸点要有公共部分，各成分的化学性质在初中阶段是视为不变的。比如，钠的熔点与沸点分别是97.5℃和883℃，铁的熔点与沸点分别是1535℃和2750℃，那么钠与铁就没有合金。 钢是铁与碳的合金，所以钢在氧气中燃烧就伴随两个反应。 生活中也存在一些其他常见的合金，比如生铁，同样也是铁和碳的合金。钢的含碳量约0.03%～2%，生铁则是2%～4.3%。黄铜，颜色似金，但是性质上有很多不同。纯金属是很软的，合金会比较硬，所以咬黄铜硌牙，咬纯金不硌牙， 但是钱包会疼 。黄铜是铜与锌的合金，所以通过锌的化学性质可以鉴别黄铜与金。 还存在一些其他的合金，比如不锈钢（铁铬镍），锰钢（铁锰碳），青铜（铜锡），白铜（铜镍），焊锡（锡铅），硬铝（铝铜镁硅），18K黄金（金银铜）。 合金比原来的纯金属硬度大，耐腐蚀性强，...
每日一词：asperity（转自 韦氏词典）
原文链接 原文链接 Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Day for May 3, 2019 is: asperity • \uh-SPAIR-uh-tee\ • noun 1 : roughness of manner or of temper : harshness of behavior or speech that expresses bitterness or anger 2 : rigor , severity 3 a : roughness of surface : unevenness b : roughness of sound Examples: When Shelia asked Roger to make a contribution, he glared and said with asperity , “I already contributed—thank you.” “[Charles Portis’s True Grit is] one of those rare American novels that can be enjoyed by young readers for action and dialogue and by older readers for the lowdown wit and the wonderful asperity of the narrator Mattie Ross, an elderly skinflint who spins out the tale of her long-ago adolescent pursuit of the outlaw wastrel who killed her father.” — Casey Seiler, The Times-Union (Albany, New York), 2 Sept. 2018 Did you know? The etymology of asperity is “rough.” It is adapted from Middle English asprete , which was borrowed from the Anglo-French ...